Hypertension affects mainly the heart, brain, kidneys and aorta pathological consequences of hypertension are frequently observed in four tissues: Heart. With increasing pressure, the left ventricular myocardium hypertrophy. Since hypertension is often associated with a higher intensity of atherosclerosis, coronary flow may be insufficient and lead to heart disease. Left ventricular failure is a common consequence of hypertensive heart disease. Brain. Hypertensive patients are particularly prone to intracerebral hemorrhage due to rupture of intracerebral blood vessels.
Damage to small blood vessels in the cerebral hemispheres occurs microinfarctions as small areas of fluid-filled cerebral destruction (elagunas hipertensivasu). Kidney. The progressive ischemia arteriolosclerosis of the nephron, which eventually destroys the glomeruli, and atrophy of the tubular system. The disease progresses slowly, as the nephrons are damaged at a time. When the number of functional nephron ischemia is not high enough, the patient develops a slowly progressive chronic renal failure. If hypertension has produced significant ischemia of nephrons, is said to kidney has been a benign hypertensive nephrosclerosis. This is a common and important cause of chronic renal failure in middle and advanced age. Aorta.
Hypertension predisposes to the development of large abdominal aortic aneurysms and dissections of the mean. Secondary hypertension is less than 10 percent of cases in a minority of cases it is considered that there is any structural alteration responsible for the development of systemic hypertension. For example, renal artery stenosis (usually the root) by atherosclerosis can cause hypertension, with possible surgical treatment. Hypertension is associated with increased levels of renin and angiotensin II in the circulation from the ischemic kidney, and can be cured in early stages by removing the affected kidney. Hypertension is also a symptom of kidney disease as diffuse glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis.